Njengeshishini elimele kakhulu eWenzhou, iYUANKY inembali ende yophuhliso kunye nochungechunge olupheleleyo lwemizi-mveliso. Iimveliso zethu zikwakhuphisana kakhulu kwimarike, ezifanaMCB.

I-MCB (iMiniature Circuit Breaker, i-small circuit breaker) yenye yezixhobo zokukhusela i-terminal ezisetyenziswa kakhulu kwiinkqubo zokusasaza ezine-voltage ephantsi. Ngeenzuzo ezinje ngobukhulu obuncinci, ukusebenza okulula kunye nokhuseleko oluchanekileyo, isetyenziswa kakhulu kwimigca yokusasaza yezakhiwo zoshishino, zorhwebo kunye nezoluntu, yenza imisebenzi ephambili efana nokugqithiswa kwesekethe kunye nokhuseleko lwe-short-circuit. Oku kulandelayo luhlalutyo oluneenkcukacha lweempawu zayo zokusebenza ezivela kwiinkalo ezininzi ezifana nemisebenzi ephambili, iimpawu zobugcisa, kunye neempawu zesicelo.

I. Umsebenzi woKhuseleko oluPhambili: Qinisekisa ukusebenza ngokukhuselekileyo kwesekethe

Ixabiso eliphambili le-MCB lisekukhuselekeni kokhuseleko lwemigca yokusasazwa kunye nezixhobo zombane. Umsebenzi wayo wokukhusela ufezekiswa ikakhulu ngeendlela ezichanekileyo zokwenza izinto, ngakumbi eziquka ezi ntlobo zimbini zilandelayo zokhuseleko oluphambili:

1. Umsebenzi wokukhusela ukulayisha kakhulu

Xa isekethe isebenza ngokwesiqhelo, umbane ungaphakathi koluhlu olulinganisiweyo. Nangona kunjalo, xa kukho izixhobo zombane ezininzi kakhulu okanye isekethe igcwele kakhulu ixesha elide, umbane kumgca uya kudlula ixabiso elilinganisiweyo, nto leyo ebangela ukuba iingcingo zifudumale. Ukuba igcwele kakhulu ixesha elide, inokubangela ukuguga kwe-insulation, iisekethe ezimfutshane kunye nemililo. Ukhuseleko lokugqithisa lwe-MCB lufezekiswa ngesixhobo sokuhamba ngobushushu se-bimetallic strip: xa umbane udlula ixabiso elilinganisiweyo, i-bimetallic strip iyagoba kwaye iguquke ngenxa yobushushu obuveliswa ngumbane, nto leyo eqhuba indlela yokuhamba ukuba isebenze, nto leyo ebangela ukuba izihlanganisi ze-circuit breaker zivuleke kwaye zinqumle isekethe.

Ukhuseleko lwayo lokugqithisa luneempawu zexesha elichaseneyo, oko kukuthi, xa umbane ugqithisile kakhulu, ixesha lesenzo lifutshane. Umzekelo, xa umbane uphindwe kayi-1.3 kunombane olinganisiweyo, ixesha lokusebenza linokuhlala iiyure ezininzi. Xa umbane ufikelela kumaxesha amathandathu kunombane olinganisiweyo, ixesha lesenzo lingancitshiswa libe kwimizuzwana embalwa. Oku akuphephi nje kuphela ukukhubeka okungeyomfuneko okubangelwa kukugqithisa okuncinci kwexesha elifutshane kodwa kukwanqumla ngokukhawuleza umjikelo xa kukho ukugqithisa okukhulu, nto leyo efezekisa ukhuseleko oluguquguqukayo noluthembekileyo.

2. Umsebenzi wokukhusela i-short-circuit

I-short circuit yenye yezona mpazamo ziyingozi kwiisekethe, ezidla ngokubangelwa kukonakala kwe-insulation yeengcingo okanye iingxaki zangaphakathi zezixhobo. Ngeli xesha, umbane unyuka ngoko nangoko (mhlawumbi ufikelela kumashumi okanye amakhulu amaxesha angaphezulu kombane olinganisiweyo), kwaye amandla amakhulu ombane kunye nobushushu obuveliswayo bunokutshisa iingcingo kunye nezixhobo ngoko nangoko, kwaye bubangele nemililo okanye iingozi zokutshayiswa kombane. Ukhuseleko lwe-short-circuit ye-MCB lufezekiswa ngesixhobo se-electromagnetic trip: xa umbane we-short-circuit udlula kwi-coil yesixhobo se-electromagnetic trip, kuveliswa amandla anamandla e-electromagnetic, atsala i-armature ukuba ibethe indlela ye-trip, nto leyo ebangela ukuba oonxibelelwano bavuleke ngokukhawuleza kwaye banqumle umbane.

Ixesha lokusebenza lokukhusela i-short-circuit lifutshane kakhulu, ngesiqhelo ngaphakathi kwemizuzwana eyi-0.1. Lingahlula ngokukhawuleza indawo yempazamo ngaphambi kokuba i-fold yande, linciphise umonakalo we-short-circuit emgceni nakwizixhobo, kwaye likhusele ukhuseleko lomntu kunye nepropathi.

Ii. Iimpawu zobugcisa: Zichanekile, zizinzile kwaye zithembekile

1. Ukuchaneka okuphezulu xa ushukuma

Amaxabiso esenzo sokukhusela se-MCB ayilwe ngokungqongqo kwaye alinganiswe ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza ngokuchanekileyo ngaphakathi koluhlu lwangoku oluchaziweyo. Ixabiso lokuseta langoku lokhuseleko lwayo olugqithisileyo (njengokungasebenzi ngokuphindwe kayi-1.05 kunombane olinganisiweyo kwaye kusebenza ngaphakathi kwexesha elivunyiweyo ngokuphindwe kayi-1.3 kunombane olinganisiweyo) kunye nomsinga osebenzayo omncinci wokhuseleko lwesekethe emfutshane (ngesiqhelo ngokuphindwe kayi-5 ukuya kwi-10 kunombane olinganisiweyo) zombini ziyahambelana nemigangatho yamazwe ngamazwe (njenge-IEC 60898) kunye nemigangatho yesizwe (njenge-GB 10963). Ngexesha lenkqubo yemveliso, i-MCB nganye kufuneka ihlolwe ngokungqongqo ukuqinisekisa ukuba impazamo yexesha lesenzo phantsi kweemeko ezahlukeneyo zangoku ilawulwa ngaphakathi koluhlu oluvumelekileyo, kuthintelwe "ukusilela ukusebenza" (ukungakhubeki ngexesha leempazamo) okanye "ukusebenza okungekhoyo" (ukukhubeka ngexesha lokusebenza okuqhelekileyo).

2. Ubomi obude boomatshini kunye nombane

I-MCB kufuneka imelane rhoqo nemisebenzi yokuvala nokuvula kunye neempembelelo zamandla ombane, ngaloo ndlela ineemfuno ezingqongqo zobomi boomatshini nobombane. Ubomi boomatshini bubhekisa kwinani lamaxesha apho i-circuit breaker isebenza kwimeko yokungabikho kwamandla ombane. Ubomi boomatshini be-MCB esemgangathweni ophezulu bunokufikelela ngaphezu kwamaxesha ali-10,000. Ubomi bombane bubhekisa kwinani lamaxesha esebenza phantsi komthwalo kumandla ombane alinganisiweyo, ngesiqhelo kungabi ngaphantsi kwamaxesha angama-2,000. Izinto zayo eziphambili zangaphakathi (ezifana noqhagamshelwano, iindlela zokukhubeka, kunye nezipringi) zenziwe ngezinto ezinamandla aphezulu (ezifana noqhagamshelwano lwesilivere kunye neendawo zokuhambisa i-phosphor bronze), kwaye ngokusebenzisa iindlela ezichanekileyo zokucubungula kunye nonyango lobushushu, ukumelana kwazo nokuguguleka, ukumelana nokugqwala, kunye nokumelana nokudinwa kuyaphuculwa ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuzinzileyo nokuba emva kokusetyenziswa ixesha elide.

3. Umthamo wokuqhekeza ulungelelaniswe neemfuno zendawo

Umthamo wokuqhekeza ubhekisa kwixabiso eliphezulu langoku le-short-circuit elinokuphulwa yi-MCB phantsi kweemeko ezithile, kwaye luphawu oluphambili lokulinganisa amandla ayo okukhusela i-short-circuit. Ngokuxhomekeke kwiimeko zesicelo, amandla okuqhekeza e-MCB anokwahlulwa abe ngamanqanaba amaninzi, afana nala:

Kwiimeko zabahlali, ii-MCBS ezikwaziyo ukuphelisa i-6kA okanye i-10kA zisetyenziswa rhoqo, ezinokusingatha iimpazamo ze-short-circuit kumakhaya okanye kwiindawo ezincinci zorhwebo.

Kwiimeko zoshishino, ii-MCBS ezinezakhono eziphezulu zokuqhekeza (ezifana ne-15kA kunye ne-25kA) kufuneka zilungelelanise neendawo ezinezixhobo ezixineneyo kunye nemisinga emikhulu yesekethe emfutshane.

Ukuqonda amandla okuqhekeka kuxhomekeke kwinkqubo yokucima i-arc ephuculiweyo (njengegumbi lokucima i-arc yegridi). Ngexesha lokuqhekeka kwesekethe emfutshane, i-arc ingeniswa ngokukhawuleza kwigumbi lokucima i-arc, kwaye i-arc yahlulwe yaba zii-arcs ezimfutshane ezininzi ngeegridi zesinyithi, nto leyo enciphisa i-arc voltage kwaye icime ngokukhawuleza i-arc ukuthintela umonakalo kwisakhiwo sangaphakathi se-circuit breaker ngenxa yobushushu obuphezulu be-arc.

Iii. Iimpawu zoBume kunye nokuSebenza: Ukuncitshiswa kwe-aturation kunye nokulula kwayo

Incinci ngobukhulu kwaye kulula ukuyifaka

I-MCB isebenzisa uyilo oluyimodyuli, incinci ngobukhulu (ngesiqhelo ineemodyuli ezisemgangathweni ezifana ne-18mm okanye i-36mm ububanzi), kwaye ingafakwa ngokuthe ngqo kwiireyili zeebhokisi zokusasaza eziqhelekileyo okanye iikhabhathi zokusasaza, okonga indawo yokufaka. Ulwakhiwo lwayo oluncinci lwenza ukuba kubekho ukhuseleko oluzimeleyo lweesekethe ezininzi ngaphakathi kwendawo yokusasaza amandla encinci. Umzekelo, kwibhokisi yokusasaza yasekhaya, ii-MCBS ezininzi zingasetyenziselwa ukulawula iisekethe ezahlukeneyo ezifana nokukhanyisa, iisokhethi, kunye nee-air conditioner ngokwahlukeneyo, zifezekisa ukhuseleko kunye nolawulo olwahlukileyo, olulungele ukufunyanwa kweempazamo kunye nolawulo lokusetyenziswa kwamandla.

2. Kulula ukuyisebenzisa kwaye kulula ukuyigcina

Indlela yokusebenza ye-MCB yenzelwe ukuba ibe yeyomntu. Imisebenzi yokuvala ("ON" position) kunye nokuvula ("OFF") ifezekiswa ngesiphatho. Imeko yesiphatho ibonakala ngokucacileyo, ivumela ukugweba okubonakalayo kwemeko yokuvala kwesiphatho. Emva kwempazamo ye-TRIP, isiphatho siya kuba kwindawo ephakathi ("TRIP" position), okwenza kube lula kubasebenzisi ukufumanisa ngokukhawuleza isiphatho esinempazamo. Xa useta kwakhona, susa nje isiphatho kwindawo ethi "OFF" uze usityhalele kwindawo ethi "ON". Akukho zixhobo zobungcali zifunekayo kwaye umsebenzi ulula. Kulondolozo lwemihla ngemihla, i-MCB ayifuni ukulungisa okanye ukuhlola okuntsonkothileyo. Ifuna kuphela ukuhlolwa rhoqo ukuqinisekisa ukuba inkangeleko ilungile kwaye umsebenzi uthambile, nto leyo ebangela iindleko eziphantsi zokulungisa.

3. Ukusebenza kakuhle kokukhusela ubushushu

Ukuqinisekisa ukhuseleko lombane, i-casing kunye nezinto zokukhusela zangaphakathi ze-MCB zenziwe ngezinto zokukhusela ezinombane ophezulu kunye nobushushu obuphezulu (ezifana neplastiki ze-thermosetting kunye ne-ABS ethintela ilangatye), enokumelana nobushushu obuyi-≥100MΩ, ekwaziyo ukumelana novavanyo lombane we-2500V AC (akukho kuqhekeka okanye ukutshayelwa ngaphakathi komzuzu o-1). Isenokugcina ukusebenza kakuhle kokukhusela kwiindawo ezinzima ezifana nokufuma nothuli, ukuthintela ukuvuza okanye iisekethe ezimfutshane zesigaba ukuya kwesinye, kunye nokuqinisekisa ukhuseleko lwabaqhubi kunye nezixhobo.

Iv. Imisebenzi Eyandisiweyo kunye Nokuziqhelanisa: Ukuhlangabezana Neemfuno Ezahlukeneyo

1. Yahlulahlula iintlobo ezifunyenweyo

Ukongeza kwi-overload esisiseko kunye nokhuseleko lwe-short-circuit, i-MCB inokuhlangabezana neemfuno zeemeko ezahlukeneyo ngokwandiswa kokusebenza. Iindidi eziqhelekileyo ze-derivative ziquka:

- I-MCB enokhuselo lokuvuza (RCBO): Idibanisa imodyuli yokubona ukuvuza ngokusekelwe kwi-MCB eqhelekileyo. Xa ukuvuza kwenzeka kwisekethe (umbane oseleyo udlula i-30mA), inokukhubeka ngokukhawuleza ukuthintela iingozi zokutshayiswa kombane kwaye isetyenziswa kakhulu kwiisekethe zesokethi zasekhaya.

- I-MCB enokhuselo lwe-overvoltage/undervoltage: Ihamba ngokuzenzekelayo xa i-grid voltage iphezulu kakhulu okanye iphantsi kakhulu ukukhusela izixhobo ezinobuthathaka ezifana neefriji kunye nee-air conditioner kumonakalo obangelwa kukuguquguquka kwe-voltage.

- I-MCB yangoku elinganiselweyo ehlengahlengiswayo: Lungisa ixabiso langoku elilinganiselweyo ngeqhosha, elifanelekileyo kwiimeko apho umsinga womthwalo kufuneka uhlengahlengiswe ngokuguquguqukayo.

2. Ukuguquguquka okuqinileyo kokusingqongileyo

I-MCB ingasebenza ngokuzinzileyo phantsi kweemeko ezahlukeneyo zendalo, ezihlala zisebenza ngaphakathi koluhlu lobushushu oluphakathi kwe--5℃ ukuya kwi-40℃ (iimodeli ezikhethekileyo zinokwandiswa ukuya kwi--25℃ ukuya kwi-70℃), kunye nomswakama ohambelanayo we-≤95% (akukho kufuma), kwaye inokuqhelana neemeko zemozulu zemimandla eyahlukeneyo. Okwangoku, isakhiwo sayo sangaphakathi sinamandla athile okumelana nokungcangcazela kunye nomothuko, kwaye sinokusebenza ngokuthembekileyo kwiindawo zoshishino okanye kwizithuthi zothutho (ezifana neenqanawa kunye nezithuthi zokuzonwabisa) ngokungcangcazela okuncinci.

Umahluko kwezinye iziphuli zesekethe:

I-MCB (iMiniature Circuit Breaker): Isetyenziselwa kakhulu ukhuseleko lwesekethe enombane ophantsi (ngesiqhelo ingaphantsi kwe-100 amperes).

I-MCCB (iMolded Case Circuit Breaker): Isetyenziselwa ukhuseleko lwesekethe enemisinga ephezulu (ngokuvamile ingaphezulu kwe-100 amperes) kwaye ifanelekile kwizixhobo ezinkulu kunye neenkqubo zokusasazwa kwamandla.

I-RCBO (i-Leakage Circuit Breaker): Idibanisa imisebenzi yokukhusela umbane ogqithisileyo kunye nokukhusela ukuvuza, kwaye ingakhusela ngaxeshanye isekethe ekugqithiseni kakhulu, isekethe emfutshane kunye nokuvuza.