1. Yintoni umkhuseli wokuvuza?
Impendulo: Umkhuseli wokuvuza (umtshini wokukhusela ukuvuza) sisixhobo sokhuseleko sombane. Umkhuseli wokuvuza ufakwe kwi-low-voltage circuit. Xa ukuvuza kunye nokutshitshiswa kombane kwenzeka, kwaye ixabiso elisebenzayo langoku elilinganiselweyo ngumkhuseli lifikelelwe, liya kwenza ngokukhawuleza kwaye likhuphe ngokuzenzekelayo unikezelo lwamandla ngaphakathi kwexesha eliqingqiweyo lokukhusela.
2. Yintoni isakhiwo somkhuseli wokuvuza?
Impendulo: Umkhuseli wokuvuza ubukhulu becala uqulunqwe ngamalungu amathathu: into yokufumanisa, ikhonkco lokukhulisa eliphakathi, kunye ne-actuator yokusebenza. ①Into yokubona. Iqukethe i-zero-sequence transformers, efumanisa ukuvuza kwangoku kwaye ithumele iimpawu. ② yandisa ikhonkco. Yandisa umqondiso wokuvuza obuthathaka kwaye wenze umkhuseli we-electromagnetic kunye nomkhuseli wombane ngokwezixhobo ezahlukeneyo (inxalenye yokukhulisa inokusebenzisa izixhobo zoomatshini okanye izixhobo zombane). ③ iqumrhu elilawulayo. Emva kokufumana umqondiso, utshintshi oluphambili lutshintshile ukusuka kwindawo evaliweyo ukuya kwindawo evulekileyo, ngaloo ndlela kunqunyulwa unikezelo lwamandla, eyona nxalenye yokukhwela isekethe ekhuselweyo ukuba ikhutshwe kwigridi yamandla.
3. Uthini umgaqo wokusebenza womkhuseli wokuvuza?
impendulo:
①Xa isixhobo sombane sivuza, kukho izinto ezimbini ezingaqhelekanga:
Okokuqala, ibhalansi yenqanaba lesithathu langoku litshatyalaliswa, kwaye i-zero-sequence current iyenzeka;
Okwesibini kukuba kukho i-voltage emhlabeni kwi-casing yensimbi engahlawulwanga phantsi kweemeko eziqhelekileyo (phantsi kweemeko eziqhelekileyo, i-metal casing kunye nomhlaba zombini kwi-zero potential).
②Umsebenzi we-zero-ulandelelwano lwangoku lwe-transformer Umkhuseli wokuvuza ufumana umqondiso ongaqhelekanga ngokufunyanwa kwe-transformer yangoku, eguqulwayo kwaye idluliselwe ngendlela ephakathi ukwenza i-actuator isebenze, kwaye ukunikezelwa kwamandla kunqanyuliwe ngesixhobo sokutshintsha. Isakhiwo se-transformer yangoku siyafana neso siguquli, esiqulethe iikhoyili ezimbini ezifakwe kwi-insulated ukusuka komnye nomnye kwaye zilimaza kwisiseko esifanayo. Xa i-coil ephambili ine-residual current, i-coil yesibini iya kubangela yangoku.
③Umgaqo wokusebenza womkhuseli wokuvuza Umkhuseli wokuvuza ufakwe emgceni, ikhoyili ephambili idityaniswe nomgca wegridi yamandla, kwaye ikhoyili yesibini idityaniswe nokukhuselwa kumkhuseli wokuvuza. Xa isixhobo sombane sisebenza ngokuqhelekileyo, i-current in the line ikwi-balanced state, kwaye isamba se-vectors yangoku kwi-transformer ngu-zero (i-current yi-vector ene-directional, efana ne-outflow direction "+", i-return direction ithi "-", kwi-currents ebuyela umva naphambili kwi-transformer iyalingana ngobukhulu kwaye ichasene kunye ne-negative kwicala ngalinye, kunye ne-negative offset, enye nenye kwicala elingalunganga). Ekubeni kungekho okwangoku okushiyekileyo kwi-coil yokuqala, i-coil yesibini ayiyi kunyanzeliswa, kwaye isixhobo sokutshintsha somkhuseli wokuvuza sisebenza kwindawo evaliweyo. Xa ukuvuza kwenzeka kwi-casing yesixhobo kwaye umntu uyayibamba, i-shunt yenziwa kwindawo yempazamo. Oku kuvuza kwangoku kusekelwe ngomzimba womntu, umhlaba, kwaye ubuyela kwindawo engathathi hlangothi ye-transformer (ngaphandle kwe-transformer yangoku), ebangela ukuba i-transformer iphume kwaye iphume. I-current is unbalanced (inani le-vectors yangoku ayikho i-zero), kwaye i-coil ephambili ivelisa i-residual current. Ngoko ke, i-coil yesibini iya kunyanzeliswa, kwaye xa ixabiso langoku lifikelela kwixabiso langoku elisebenzayo elilinganiselwe ngumkhuseli wokuvuza, ukutshintshela ngokuzenzekelayo kuya kuhamba kwaye amandla aya kunqunyulwa.

4. Ziziphi iiparitha eziphambili zezobugcisa zomkhuseli wokuvuza?
Impendulo: Iiparamitha eziphambili zokusebenza zezi: ukulinganisa ukuvuza okusebenzayo okwangoku, ukulinganisa ixesha lokusebenza lokuvuza, ukulinganisa ukuvuza okungasebenzisi okwangoku. Ezinye iiparameters ziquka: i-frequency yamandla, i-voltage elinganisiweyo, i-rerated current, njl.
①Ireyithwe ngokuvuza kwangoku Ixabiso langoku lomkhuseli wokuvuza ukuze asebenze phantsi kweemeko ezithile. Ngokomzekelo, kumkhuseli we-30mA, xa ixabiso elingenayo langoku lifikelela kwi-30mA, umkhuseli uya kuthatha isenzo sokuqhawula ukunikezelwa kwamandla.
②Ixesha lesenzo sokuvuza esilinganisiweyo sibhekisa kwixesha elivela kwisicelo esikhawulezileyo sokuvuza okulinganiselweyo okwangoku kude kunqunyulwe isiphaluka sokhuselo. Ngokomzekelo, kumkhuseli we-30mA × 0.1s, ixesha elivela kwixabiso langoku elifikelela kwi-30mA ukuya ekuhlukaneni komnxeba oyintloko alidluli i-0.1s.
③Umlinganiselo wokuvuza ongasebenziyo phantsi kweemeko ezichaziweyo, ixabiso langoku lomkhuseli ongasebenziyo wokuvuza kufuneka akhethwe ngokubanzi njengesiqingatha sexabiso langoku lokuvuza. Ngokomzekelo, umkhuseli wokuvuza onomkhuseli wokuvuza we-30mA, xa ixabiso langoku lingaphantsi kwe-15mA, umkhuseli akufanele enze, ngaphandle koko kulula ukungasebenzi ngenxa yokukhathazeka okukhulu, okuchaphazela ukusebenza okuqhelekileyo kwezixhobo zombane.
④Ezinye iiparamitha ezinje: ukuphindaphinda kwamandla, amandla ombane alinganisiweyo, angoku, njl., xa ukhetha umkhuseli wokuvuza, kufuneka ahambelane nesekethe kunye nezixhobo zombane ezisetyenzisiweyo. Umbane osebenzayo womkhuseli wokuvuza kufuneka ulungelelanise umbane olinganisiweyo woluhlu oluqhelekileyo lokuguquguquka kwegridi yamandla. Ukuba ukuguquguquka kukhulu kakhulu, kuya kuchaphazela ukusebenza okuqhelekileyo komkhuseli, ngakumbi kwiimveliso ze-elektroniki. Xa i-voltage yonikezelo lwamandla iphantsi kune-voltage elinganisiweyo yokusebenza yomkhuseli, iya kwala ukwenza. Umlinganiselo osebenzayo osebenzayo womkhuseli wokuvuza kufuneka kwakhona uhambelane neyona nto yangoku kwisekethe. Ukuba umbane osebenzayo wangoku mkhulu kunomjelo olinganisiweyo womkhuseli, uya kubangela ukugqithisa kwaye kubangele ukuba umkhuseli angasebenzi kakuhle.
5. Yintoni eyona nto iphambili yokukhusela umkhuseli wokuvuza?
Impendulo: Umkhuseli wokuvuza ikakhulu ubonelela ngokhuseleko loqhagamshelwano olungathanga ngqo. Phantsi kweemeko ezithile, isenokusetyenziswa njengokhuseleko olongezelelweyo kuqhagamshelwano oluthe ngqo ukukhusela iingozi ezinokubulala zomothuko wombane.
6. Yintoni uqhagamshelwano oluthe ngqo kunye nokhuseleko loqhagamshelwano olungathanga ngqo?
Impendulo: Xa umzimba womntu uchukumisa umzimba ohlawuliswayo kwaye kukho umsinga odlulayo emzimbeni womntu, oko kubizwa ngokuba kukutshatyalaliswa kombane emzimbeni womntu. Ngokonobangela wokothuka kombane womzimba womntu, unokwahlulwa ube sisithuko sombane esithe ngqo kunye nesothuso sombane esingathanga ngqo. Ukutshatyalaliswa kombane ngokuthe ngqo kubhekiselele ekutshitshisweni kombane okubangelwa ngumzimba womntu ochukumisa ngqo umzimba ohlawulisiweyo (njengokuchukumisa umgca wesigaba). Ukothuka kombane ngokungathanga ngqo kubhekiselele kumothuko wombane obangelwa ngumzimba womntu ochukumise i-conductor yentsimbi engahlawuliswanga phantsi kweemeko eziqhelekileyo kodwa ihlawuliswe phantsi kweemeko ezinempazamo (ezifana nokuchukumisa ibhongo lesixhobo sokuvuza). Ngokwezizathu ezahlukeneyo zokutshatyalaliswa kombane, amanyathelo okuthintela ukutshitshiswa kombane nawo ahlulahlulwe: ukhuseleko loqhagamshelwano oluthe ngqo kunye nokhuseleko loqhagamshelwano olungathanga ngqo. Ukukhusela uqhagamshelwano oluthe ngqo, imilinganiselo efana nokugquma, isigqubuthelo sokhuselo, ucingo, kunye nomgama wokhuseleko unokwamkelwa ngokubanzi; ukukhuselwa koqhagamshelwano olungathanga ngqo, amanyathelo anjengendawo ekhuselayo (ukudibanisa kwi-zero), i-cutoff yokukhusela, kunye nomkhuseli wokuvuza unokwamkelwa ngokubanzi.
7. Yeyiphi ingozi xa umzimba womntu ubanjwe ngumbane?
Impendulo: Xa umzimba womntu ubanjwe ngumbane, ubukhulu be-current flowing emzimbeni womntu, ixesha elide lesigaba sangoku, siyingozi ngakumbi. Iqondo lomngcipheko linokuthi lihlulwe ngokukhawuleza libe ngamanqanaba amathathu: ukuqonda - ukuphunyuka - i-fibrillation ye-ventricular. ① Inqanaba lokubona. Ngenxa yokuba umbane odlulayo uncinci kakhulu, umzimba womntu unokuwuva (ngokubanzi ngaphezu kwe-0.5mA), kwaye awufaki nayiphi na ingozi kumzimba womntu ngeli xesha; ② Lahla iqonga. Ibhekisa kwelona xabiso liphezulu langoku (ngokubanzi lingaphezulu kwe-10mA) umntu anokulikhupha xa i-electrode ibanjwa ngesandla. Nangona lo msinga unobungozi, unokuwususa ngokwawo, ngoko ke awuyongozi ebulalayo. Xa isantya sangoku sinyuka ukuya kwinqanaba elithile, umntu obanjwe ngumbane uya kubamba umzimba ohlawulisiweyo ngokuqinileyo ngenxa yokuncipha kwemisipha kunye ne-spasm, kwaye akakwazi ukuyikhupha ngokwakhe. ③ isigaba se-fibrillation ye-ventricular. Ngokunyuka kwangoku kunye nexesha elide lokutshitshiswa kombane (ngokubanzi ngaphezu kwe-50mA kunye ne-1s), i-fibrillation ye-ventricular iya kwenzeka, kwaye ukuba ukunikezelwa kombane akunqanyulwanga ngokukhawuleza, kuya kukhokelela ekufeni. Ingabonwa ukuba i-fibrillation ye-ventricular iyona nto ibangela ukufa ngenxa yombane. Ngoko ke, ukukhuselwa kwabantu kaninzi akubangelwa yi-fibrillation ye-ventricular, njengesiseko sokumisela iimpawu zokukhusela ukutshitshiswa kombane.
8. Yintoni ukhuseleko lwee-“30mA·s”?
Impendulo: Ngokusebenzisa inani elikhulu leemvavanyo zezilwanyana kunye nezifundo, kuye kwaboniswa ukuba i-fibrillation ye-ventricular ayihambelani kuphela ngoku (I) edlulayo emzimbeni womntu, kodwa ihambelana nexesha (t) elikhoyo ngoku lihlala emzimbeni womntu, oko kukuthi, umbane okhuselekileyo ubuninzi Q = I × t ukumisela, ngokubanzi i-50mA s. Oko kukuthi, xa i-current ingekho ngaphezu kwe-50mA kwaye ixesha langoku lingaphakathi kwe-1s, i-fibrillation ye-ventricular ngokubanzi ayenzeki. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba ilawulwa ngokwe-50mA · s, xa ixesha-ngexesha lifutshane kakhulu kwaye i-current current inkulu (umzekelo, i-500mA × 0.1s), kusekho umngcipheko wokubangela i-fibrillation ye-ventricular. Nangona ngaphantsi kwe-50mA·s ingasayi kubangela ukufa ngenxa yombane, iya kubangela ukuba umntu obanjwe ngumbane alahlekelwe zingqondo okanye enze ingozi yokwenzakala okwesibini. Ukuziqhelanisa kuye kwabonisa ukuba ukusebenzisa i-30 mA s njengophawu lwesenzo sesixhobo sokukhusela ukutshitshiswa kombane lufanelekile ngakumbi ngokwemiqathango yokhuseleko ekusetyenzisweni nasekuveliseni, kwaye inomlinganiselo wokhuseleko wamaxesha e-1.67 xa kuthelekiswa ne-50 mA s (K = 50 / 30 = 1.67). Inokubonwa kumda wokhuseleko we "30mA·s" ukuba nokuba ikhoyo ifikelela kwi-100mA, nje ukuba umkhuseli wokuvuza usebenza ngaphakathi kwe-0.3s kwaye unqumle umbane, umzimba womntu awuyi kubangela ingozi ebulalayo. Ke ngoko, umda we-30mA·s uye waba sisiseko sokukhethwa kweemveliso zokhuselo lokuvuza.

9. Zeziphi izixhobo zombane ekufuneka zifakelwe izikhuseli zokuvuza?
Impendulo: Zonke izixhobo zombane kwindawo yokwakha kufuneka zixhotyiswe ngesixhobo sokukhusela ukuvuza ekupheleni kwentloko yomgca womthwalo wesixhobo, ngaphezu kokuqhagamshelwa kwi-zero ukukhusela:
① Zonke izixhobo zombane kwindawo yokwakha ziya kuxhotyiswa ngezikhuseli zokuvuza. Ngenxa yolwakhiwo oluvulekileyo, indawo enomswakama, ukutshintsha kwabasebenzi, kunye nokulawulwa kwezixhobo ezibuthathaka, ukusetyenziswa kombane kuyingozi, kwaye zonke izixhobo zombane zifuneka ukuba zibandakanye amandla kunye nezixhobo zokukhanyisa, izixhobo eziphathwayo kunye nezisisigxina, njl.
②Imilinganiselo yokukhusela ye-zeroing (yokumisa) yantlandlolo ayitshintshanga njengoko kufuneka, eyona ndlela isisiseko sobugcisa bokusetyenziswa kombane ngokukhuselekileyo kwaye ayinakususwa.
③Isikhuseli sokuvuza sifakwe ekupheleni kwentloko yomgca womthwalo wesixhobo sombane. Injongo yoku kukukhusela izixhobo zombane lo gama ikwakhusela imigca yomthwalo ukuthintela iingozi zokothuka kombane ezibangelwa kukonakala komgca wokugquma.
10. Kutheni isikhuselo sokuvuza sifakwa emva kokuba ukhuselo luqhagamshelwe kumgca onguziro (umhlaba)?
Impendulo: Kungakhathaliseki ukuba ukukhuselwa kuxhunyiwe kwi-zero okanye umlinganiselo wesiseko, uluhlu lwalo lokukhusela lulinganiselwe. Ngokomzekelo, "ukhuseleko lwe-zero uxhumano" kukudibanisa i-casing yensimbi yezixhobo zombane kumgca we-zero wegridi yamandla, kwaye ufake i-fuse kwicala lokubonelela umbane. Xa izixhobo zombane zichaphazela i-shell ye-shell (isigaba sichukumisa igobolondo), isiphaluka esifutshane sesigaba esisodwa somgca we-zero ohambelanayo senziwa. Ngenxa yombane omkhulu omfutshane, i-fuse ivuthelwa ngokukhawuleza kwaye umbane unqanyuliwe ukukhusela. Umgaqo wayo osebenzayo kukutshintsha "i-shell fault" ibe "i-single-phase short-circuit fault", ukuze ufumane i-inshurensi enkulu ye-short-circuit current cut-off. Nangona kunjalo, iimpazamo zombane kwindawo yokwakha aziqhelekanga, kwaye iziphene zokuvuza zihlala zisenzeka, njengokuvuza okubangelwa zizixhobo ezimanzi, umthwalo ogqithisileyo, imigca emide, ukuguga kokuguga, njl. Ngoko ke, ukungaphumeleli akuyi kupheliswa ngokuzenzekelayo kwaye kuya kubakho ixesha elide. Kodwa oku kuvuza kwangoku kuyingozi enkulu kukhuseleko lomntu. Ke ngoko, kuyafuneka ukuba kufakwe umkhuseli wokuvuza onovakalelo oluphezulu lokhuseleko olongezelelweyo.
11. Ziziphi iintlobo zokukhusela ukuvuza?
Impendulo: Umkhuseli wokuvuza uhlelwa ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo ukuhlangabezana nokukhethwa kokusetyenziswa. Umzekelo, ngokwendlela yesenzo, inokwahlulwa ibe yintshukumo yombane kunye nohlobo lwangoku lwangoku; ngokwendlela yokusebenza, kukho uhlobo lokutshintsha kunye nohlobo lokudluliselwa; ngokwenani leepali kunye nemigca, kukho i-single-pole-two-wire, iipali ezimbini, iipali ezimbini-intambo ezintathu njalo njalo. Oku kulandelayo kuhlelwe ngokobuntununtunu besenzo kunye nexesha lesenzo: ①Ngokweemvakalelo zesenzo, zinokwahlulwa zibe: Uvakalelo oluphezulu: ukuvuza kwangoku kungaphantsi kwe-30mA; Uvakalelo oluphakathi: 30 ~ 1000mA; Ubuthathaka obuphantsi: ngaphezulu kwe-1000mA. ②Ngokwexesha lesenzo, inokwahlulwa ibe: uhlobo olukhawulezayo: ixesha lesenzo sokuvuza lingaphantsi kwe-0.1s; uhlobo lokulibaziseka: ixesha lesenzo likhulu kune-0.1s, phakathi kwe-0.1-2s; uhlobo lwexesha eliguquguqukayo: njengoko ukuvuza kwangoku kunyuka, ixesha lesenzo sokuvuza liyancipha. Xa ukulinganisa ukuvuza okusebenzayo okwangoku kusetyenziswa, ixesha lokusebenza ngu-0.2 ~ 1s; xa umbane osebenzayo u-1.4 amaxesha asebenzayo ngoku, ngu-0.1, 0.5s; xa umbane osebenzayo u-4.4 amaxesha asebenzayo ngoku, ungaphantsi kwe-0.05s.
12. Yintoni umahluko phakathi kwezikhuseli zokuvuza zombane kunye ne-electromagnetic leakage?
Impendulo: Umkhuseli wokuvuza wahlulwe waziindidi ezimbini: uhlobo lwe-elektroniki kunye nohlobo lwe-electromagnetic ngokweendlela ezahlukeneyo zokukhwela: ①Isixhobo sokuvuza sombane esinesixhobo sokukhubeka se-electromagnetic njengesixhobo esiphakathi, xa ukuvuza kwangoku kusenzeka, umtshini uyakhubeka kwaye nombane uyaqhawuka. Ukungalungi kwalo mkhuseli zezi: iindleko eziphezulu kunye neemfuno zenkqubo yokuvelisa ezinzima. Iingenelo zezi: amacandelo e-electromagnetic ane-anti-interference eqinile kunye nokumelana nokothuka (i-overcurrent and overvoltage shocks); akukho ncedo lombane olufunekayo; iimpawu zokuvuza emva kombane we-zero kunye nokungaphumeleli kwesigaba zihlala zingatshintshi. ②Umkhuseli wokuvuza kwe-elektroniki usebenzisa i-transistor amplifier njengendlela ephakathi. Xa ukuvuza kwenzeka, ikhuliswa yi-amplifier kwaye idluliselwe kwi-relay, kwaye i-relay ilawula ukutshintshela ukukhupha umbane. Iingenelo zalo mkhuseli zezi: uvakalelo oluphezulu (ukuya kuthi ga kwi-5mA); impazamo encinci yokumisela, inkqubo yokuvelisa elula kunye neendleko eziphantsi. Ukungalungi zezi: i-transistor inamandla obuthathaka okumelana nezinto ezothusayo kwaye inokumelana nokuphazamiseka kokusingqongileyo; ifuna unikezelo lwamandla oluncedisayo (i-amplifiers zombane ngokubanzi zifuna unikezelo lwamandla e-DC olungaphezu kweevolthi ezilishumi), ukuze iimpawu zokuvuza zichatshazelwe kukuguquguquka kombane osebenzayo; xa isiphaluka esiphambili siphuma kwisigaba, ukukhuselwa komkhuseli kuya kulahleka.
13. Yiyiphi imisebenzi yokukhusela i-breaker circuit breaker?
Impendulo: Umkhuseli wokuvuza ubukhulu becala sisixhobo esinika ukhuseleko xa isixhobo sombane sinempazamo yokuvuza. Xa ufaka umkhuseli wokuvuza, isixhobo esongezelelweyo sokukhusela i-overcurrent kufuneka sifakwe. Xa i-fuse isetyenziselwa ukhuseleko lwesiphaluka esifutshane, ukukhethwa kweenkcazo zayo kufuneka kuhambelane nokukwazi ukuvala umkhuseli wokuvuza. Okwangoku, i-breaker circuit breaker edibanisa isixhobo sokukhusela ukuvuza kunye nokutshintsha kwamandla (i-automatic air circuit breaker) isetyenziswa ngokubanzi. Olu hlobo olutsha lokutshintsha kwamandla lunemisebenzi yokukhusela isiphaluka esifutshane, ukukhuselwa kokugqithiswa, ukukhuselwa kokuvuza kunye nokukhuselwa kwe-undervoltage. Ngethuba lokufakela, i-wiring yenziwe lula, umthamo webhokisi lombane uyancipha kwaye ulawulo lulula. Intsingiselo yemodeli ye-nameplate ye-residual current circuit breaker yile ilandelayo: Nika ingqalelo xa uyisebenzisa, kuba i-residual current circuit breaker ineepropati ezininzi ezikhuselayo, xa uhambo lusenzeka, unobangela wempazamo kufuneka ichongiwe ngokucacileyo: Xa isaphuli-mthetho sangoku esishiyekileyo saphukile ngenxa yesiphaluka esifutshane, isiciko kufuneka sivulwe ukujonga ukuba ngaba abafowunelwa bakhona Kukho ukutshisa okukhulu okanye iipitsi xa isekethe ikhutshiwe ngenxa yokugcwala, ayinakuphinda ivalwe ngokukhawuleza. Ekubeni i-breaker circuit ixhotywe nge-relay ye-thermal njengokhuseleko lomthwalo ogqithisiweyo, xa i-current elinganisiweyo ikhulu kune-current rated current, i-bimetallic sheet igobile ukuze ihlukanise abafowunelwa, kwaye oonxibelelwano banokuphinda bafakwe emva kokuba iphepha le-bimetallic lipholile ngokwemvelo kwaye libuyiselwe kwimeko yalo yangaphambili. Xa uhambo lubangelwa yimpazamo yokuvuza, imbangela kufuneka ifunyanwe kwaye iphoso lipheliswe ngaphambi kokuvala. Ukuvala ngenkani kuthintelwe ngokungqongqo. Xa i-breaker circuit evuzayo iphuka kwaye ihambe, isiphatho esifana ne-L sikwindawo ephakathi. Xa iphinda ivalwe, isibambo sokusebenza kufuneka sitsalwe phantsi (indawo yokuphuka) kuqala, ukwenzela ukuba indlela yokusebenza iphinde ivalwe, kwaye ivalwe phezulu. I-breaker circuit breaker ingasetyenziselwa ukutshintsha izixhobo ezinomthamo omkhulu (ngaphezu kwe-4.5kw) ezingasetyenziswa rhoqo kwiintambo zombane.
14. Indlela yokukhetha umkhuseli wokuvuza?
Impendulo: Ukukhethwa komkhuseli wokuvuza kufuneka kukhethwe ngokwenjongo yokusetyenziswa kunye neemeko zokusebenza:
Khetha ngokwenjongo yokhuseleko:
① Ngenjongo yokuthintela ukothuka kombane. Ifakwe ekupheleni komgca, khetha i-high-sensitivity, isikhuseli sokuvuza ngokukhawuleza.
②Kwimigca yesebe esetyenziswa kunye kunye nezixhobo ezisezantsi ngenjongo yokuthintela ukothuka kombane, sebenzisa uvakalelo oluphakathi, izikhuseli zokuvuza ezikhawulezayo.
③ Kumgca we-trunk ngenjongo yokuthintela umlilo obangelwa ukuvuza kunye nemigca yokukhusela kunye nezixhobo, uvakalelo oluphakathi kunye nokulibaziseka kwexesha lokukhusela ukuvuza kufuneka kukhethwe.
Khetha ngokwendlela yonikezelo lwamandla:
① Xa ukhusela imigca yesigaba esinye (izixhobo), sebenzisa ipali enye yocingo olumbini okanye izikhuseli zokuvuza eziziipali ezimbini.
② Xa ukhusela imigca yesigaba sesithathu (izixhobo), sebenzisa iimveliso zeepali ezintathu.
③ Xa kukho zombini inqanaba lesithathu kunye nenqanaba elinye, sebenzisa iipali ezintathu zocingo olune okanye iimveliso zepali ezine. Xa ukhetha inani lezibonda zomkhuseli wokuvuza, kufuneka zihambelane nenani lemigca yomgca wokukhuselwa. Inani leepali zomkhuseli libhekisela kwinani leentambo ezinokuthi zikhutshwe ngabafowunelwa bangaphakathi bokutshintsha, njengokukhusela iipali ezintathu, oku kuthetha ukuba abafowunelwa bokutshintsha banokuqhawula iingcingo ezintathu. Ipali enye enocingo olumbini, iipali ezimbini ezinocingo oluthathu kunye neepali ezintathu zokhuselo ezineengcingo ezine zonke zinocingo olungathathi hlangothi oludlula ngokuthe ngqo kwindawo yokubona ukuvuza ngaphandle kokuqhawulwa. Umsebenzi we-zero line, le terminal inqatshelwe ngokungqongqo ukudibanisa nomgca we-PE. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba umkhuseli wokuvuza weepali ezintathu akufuneki asetyenziswe kwisigaba esisodwa socingo lwesibini (okanye esinye-isigaba sesithathu sombane) isixhobo sombane. Kwakhona akufanelekanga ukusebenzisa isikhuseli sokuvuza esine-pole kwisigaba sesithathu sezixhobo zombane zombane. Akuvumelekanga ukuba kuthathelwe indawo umkhuseli wokuvuza okwinqanaba lesithathu leepali ezine kunye nenqanaba lesithathu leepali ezintathu zokukhusela ukuvuza.
15. Ngokweemfuno zonikezelo lwamandla oluhleliweyo, zingaphi iisetingi ezifanele ukuba nazo kwibhokisi yombane?
Impendulo: Indawo yokwakha ihanjiswa ngokubanzi ngokwamanqanaba amathathu, ngoko ke iibhokisi zombane kufuneka ziphinde zibekwe ngokuhambelana nokwahlulahlula, oko kukuthi, phantsi kwebhokisi eliphambili lokusabalalisa, kukho ibhokisi yokusabalalisa, kwaye ibhokisi yokutshintsha ibekwe ngaphantsi kwebhokisi yokusabalalisa, kwaye izixhobo zombane zingaphantsi kwebhokisi lokutshintsha. . Ibhokisi yokuhambisa likhonkco eliphambili lokuhanjiswa kwamandla kunye nokuhanjiswa phakathi komthombo wamandla kunye nezixhobo zombane kwinkqubo yokuhambisa. Sisixhobo sombane esisetyenziselwa ngokukodwa ukuhanjiswa kwamandla. Onke amanqanaba okusasazwa aqhutywa ngebhokisi yokuhambisa. Ibhokisi enkulu yokusabalalisa ilawula ukuhanjiswa kwenkqubo yonke, kwaye ibhokisi yokusabalalisa ilawula ukuhanjiswa kwesebe ngalinye. Ibhokisi yokutshintsha isiphelo senkqubo yokusasazwa kwamandla, kwaye ngakumbi phantsi izixhobo zombane. Isixhobo sombane ngasinye silawulwa yibhokisi yaso yokutshintsha ezinikeleyo, siphumeza umatshini omnye kunye nesango elinye. Musa ukusebenzisa ibhokisi yokutshintsha enye kwizixhobo ezininzi ukunqanda iingozi zokungasebenzi kakuhle; kananjalo musa ukudibanisa amandla kunye nolawulo lokukhanyisa kwibhokisi enye yokutshintsha ukuthintela ukukhanya ukuba kuchaphazeleke kukungaphumeleli kwentambo yombane. Inxalenye ephezulu yebhokisi yokutshintsha idibaniswe kumandla ombane kwaye inxalenye engezantsi idibaniswe nezixhobo zombane, ezisebenza rhoqo kwaye ziyingozi, kwaye kufuneka ziqwalaselwe. Ukukhethwa kwamacandelo ombane kwibhokisi yombane kufuneka ilungelelaniswe kwisekethe kunye nezixhobo zombane. Ufakelo lwebhokisi yombane luthe nkqo kwaye luqinile, kwaye kukho indawo yokusebenza ngeenxa zonke. Akukho manzi amileyo okanye ii-sundries emhlabeni, kwaye akukho mthombo wobushushu kunye nokungcangcazela kufutshane. Ibhokisi yombane kufuneka ikhusele imvula kwaye ikhusele uthuli. Ibhokisi yokutshintsha akufanele ibe ngaphezu kwe-3m kude nesixhobo esisisigxina sokulawulwa.
16. Kutheni kufuneka usebenzise ukhuseleko olusemgangathweni?
Impendulo: Ngenxa yokuba unikezelo lwamandla ombane ophantsi kunye nokuhanjiswa ngokuqhelekileyo kusetyenziswa ukuhanjiswa kwamandla omgangatho. Ukuba umkhuseli wokuvuza ufakwe kuphela ekupheleni komgca (kwibhokisi lokutshintsha), nangona umgca wephutha unokunqanyulwa xa ukuvuza kwenzeka, uluhlu lokukhusela luncinci; ngokufanayo, ukuba kuphela umgca we-trunk yesebe (kwibhokisi yokuhambisa) okanye umgca we-trunk (ibhokisi yokusabalalisa engundoqo) ifakiwe Faka umkhuseli wokuvuza, nangona uluhlu lokukhusela lukhulu, ukuba isixhobo esithile sombane siyavuza kwaye sihambe, kuya kubangela ukuba inkqubo yonke iphelelwe amandla, engachaphazeli kuphela ukusebenza kwesiqhelo kwesixhobo esingenasiphako, kodwa kwakhona kwenza kube nzima ukufumana ingozi. Ngokucacileyo, ezi ndlela zokukhusela azonelanga. indawo. Ngoko ke, iimfuno ezahlukeneyo ezifana nomgca kunye nomthwalo kufuneka zixhunywe, kwaye abakhuseli abaneempawu ezahlukeneyo zokuvuza kufuneka bafakwe kumgca oyintloko we-low-voltage, umgca wesebe kunye nokuphela komgca ukwenza inethiwekhi yokukhusela ukuvuza. Kwimeko yokhuseleko olumiselweyo, uluhlu lokhuseleko olukhethiweyo kuwo onke amanqanaba kufuneka lusebenzisane omnye nomnye ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuba umkhuseli wokuvuza akayi kugqithisa isenzo xa impazamo yokuvuza okanye ingozi yombane yombane iyenzeka ekupheleni; ngelo xesha, kuyafuneka ukuba xa umkhuseli osezantsi ehluleka, umkhuseli wezinga eliphezulu uya kwenza ukulungisa umkhuseli ophantsi. Ukusilela ngengozi. Ukuphunyezwa kokhuseleko lomgangatho kwenza ukuba isixhobo ngasinye sombane sibe namanqanaba angaphezu kwamabini emilinganiselo yokukhusela ukuvuza, engenzi nje kuphela iimeko ezikhuselekileyo zokusebenza kwizixhobo zombane ekupheleni kwayo yonke imigca yegridi yamandla ephantsi-voltage, kodwa inika uqhagamshelwano oluninzi oluthe ngqo kunye olungathanga ngqo kukhuseleko lomntu. Ngaphezu koko, kunokunciphisa ububanzi bokuphuma kombane xa kukho impazamo, kwaye kulula ukuyifumana nokufumana iphoso, enefuthe elihle ekuphuculeni umgangatho wokusetyenziswa kombane okhuselekileyo, ukunciphisa iingozi zokutshatyalaliswa kombane, kunye nokuqinisekisa ukhuseleko lokusebenza.