Eyona njongo iphambili yeswitshi yokwahlula i-high-voltage

1. Isetyenziselwa ukwahlukanisa umbane ukuqinisekisa ukhuseleko lokugcinwa, ukuze izixhobo zombane ezilungiswayo zibe nendawo ecacileyo yokuqhawula umbane;

2. Yenza umsebenzi wokucima ukuze utshintshe indlela yokusebenza kwenkqubo. Umzekelo, kwisekethe enomsebenzi we-busbar ephindwe kabini, sebenzisa iswitshi yokwahlulahlula ukuze utshintshe izixhobo okanye umgca ukusuka kwelinye iqela lee-busbar ukuya kwelinye iqela lee-busbar;

3. Phantsi kweemeko ezithile, ingasetyenziselwa ukuqhagamshela nokunqumla iisekethe ezincinci zamandla ombane. Ukuba usebenzisa iswitshi yokwahlukanisa, le misebenzi ilandelayo ingenziwa:

1) Yahlulahlula kwaye uvale iisekethe ze-voltage transformer kunye ne-arrester.

2) Yahlulahlula kwaye uvale umsinga wokutshaja webhasi.

3) Amanqaku, ii-transformers ezingenamthwalo ezinomsinga wokukhupha umoya odibeneyo ongadluli kwi-2A kunye nemigca engenamthwalo enomsinga wokukhupha umoya ongadluli kwi-5A.

Tudidi lweswitshi yokuzihlukanisa yombane ophezulu

1. Ngokwendawo yokufakela, yahlulwe yaba ziintlobo ezimbini: zangaphakathi nezangaphandle;

2. Ngokwenani leepali, yahlulwe yaba ziintlobo ezimbini: i-unipolar kunye ne-tripolar;

3. Ngokwenani leentsika zokukhusela, yahlulwe yaba ziintlobo ezintathu: uhlobo lwekholamu enye, uhlobo lwekholamu ezimbini kunye nohlobo lwekholamu ezintathu;

4. Ngokweempawu zesakhiwo, yahlulwe yaba ziintlobo ezintathu: uhlobo lwe-guillotine, uhlobo lwe-screw kunye nohlobo lwe-plug-in;

5. Ngokwemisebenzi eyahlukeneyo, yahlulwe yaba ziintlobo ezimbini: ngeswitshi yemela yokumisa umhlaba kwaye ngaphandle kweswitshi yemela yokumisa umhlaba;

6. Ngokwendlela yokusebenza esetyenzisiweyo, yahlulwe yaba: iindlela zokusebenza ngesandla, zombane kunye neendlela zokusebenza ngomoya.

Isiganeko esingaqhelekanga kunye nonyango lweswitshi yokuzahlula yombane ophezulu

1. Inxalenye yoqhagamshelwano yeswitshi yokwahlukanisa ishushu kakhulu

Kwiimeko eziqhelekileyo, iswitshi yokuzihlukanisa akufuneki ifudumale kakhulu. Ukuba iswitshi yokuzihlukanisa ifunyenwe ishushu kakhulu ngexesha lokusebenza, kufuneka kuthathwe la manyathelo alandelayo:

1) Kwinkqubo ye-busbar ephindwe kabini, xa iqela elinye lee-busbar disconnectors lifudunyezwa, kufuneka litshintshelwe kwelinye iqela lee-busbar; xa i-single busbar system disconnector ifudunyezwa, zama ukunciphisa umthwalo. Ukuba iimeko ziyavuma, kungcono ukususa i-isolation switch ekusebenzeni. Ukuba umbane unokunqunyulwa, kufuneka ulungiswe ngoko nangoko, kungenjalo, kufuneka kuqiniswe ukubekwa esweni. Ukuba ubushushu bukhulu, i-circuit breaker ehambelanayo kufuneka ikhutshwe ngokwemigaqo.

2) Xa inxalenye yoqhagamshelwano yeswitshi yokwahlula umgca ishushu kakhulu, indlela yonyango iyafana naleyo yeswitshi yokwahlula ibhasi enye, kodwa ngenxa yokhuseleko lwe-circuit breaker kuthotho, iswitshi yokwahlula ingaqhubeka isebenza, kodwa ukubeka esweni kufuneka kuqiniswe de kulungiswe ukucima kombane.

2. Ukutsala gwenxa kunye nokuvala gwenxa iswitshi yokwahlula ngomthwalo

Iswitshi yokuzihlukanisa ayinayo indlela yokucima i-arc, kwaye akuvumelekanga ngokungqongqo ukutsala okanye ukuvala iswitshi yokuzihlukanisa ngomthwalo. Nje ukuba le nto yenzekile, kufuneka ijongwane nayo ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:

1) Tsala iswitshi yokwahlukanisa ngempazamo

Ukuba i-blade isandula ukuphuma emphethweni we-blade (i-arc ibethwe kodwa ayikaphulwa), i-disconnector engavulwanga kufuneka ivalwe ngoko nangoko ukuze kuthintelwe i-arc short-circuit; ukuba i-disconnector ivuliwe, ayivumelekanga ukuba ivalwe, kwaye i-disconnector kufuneka iqinisekiswe. Vula indawo, qhawula i-circuit nge-circuit breaker, uze uvale i-isolation switch.

2) Ukuvala iswitshi yokuzihlukanisa ngendlela engafanelekanga

Emva kokuba i-disconnector ivalwe ngempazamo ngomthwalo, ayivumelekanga ukuba ivulwe kwakhona, kwaye kufuneka ivulwe emva kokuba i-circuit breaker isinqumle i-circuit.

3. Iswitshi yokuzihlukanisa ayivumi ukuvula nokuvala

1) ukwala ukuvala

Xa iswitshi yokuzihlukanisa ingavumi ukuvala ngenxa yokusilela koomatshini, ingasetyenziswa ngentonga yokukhusela, okanye kwimeko yokuqinisekisa ukhuseleko lomntu, sebenzisa isikrufu ukujika umngxuma ojikelezayo weswitshi yokuzihlukanisa.

2) ukwala ukuvula

Xa iswitshi yokwahlukanisa ingenakuvulwa, ukuba indlela yokusebenza ikhenkcezisiwe, ungayishukumisa kancinci ukuze ufumane indawo yokuthintela. Ukuba indawo yokuthintela ikwindawo yokunxibelelana yeswitshi, ayinakuvulwa ngenkani, kungenjalo ibhotile yeporcelain exhasayo inokonakala.

4. I-porcelain yokutshintsha indawo yokwahlukanisa yonakele

Ukuba kukukhupha umbane nge-flashover, kufuneka kuqiniswe ukubekwa esweni, kwaye ukucoca kufuneka kwenziwe emva kokufaka isicelo sokucinywa kombane; ukuba ibhotile ye-porcelain exhasayo yonakele kwaye yaphukile, kufuneka kusetyenziswe i-circuit breaker ukukhupha i-circuit, kwaye iswitshi yokwahlukanisa eyonakeleyo kufuneka irhoxiswe ukuze ilungiswe.