Iziphumo zokunyuka ngamandla zinokubangela ukusilela ngoko nangoko okanye umonakalo kwizixhobo ezibonakalayo kuphela kwixesha elide. Ii-SPD zihlala zifakelwa kwiyunithi yabathengi ukukhusela ukufakelwa kombane kodwa iintlobo ezahlukeneyo ze-SPD ziyafumaneka ukukhusela ukufakelwa kwezinye iinkonzo ezingenayo, ezifana neefowuni kunye neTV yekhebula. Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuba ukukhusela ukufakelwa kombane kuphela kwaye kungekhona ezinye iinkonzo kunokushiya enye indlela yokuba ii-voltage ezidlulayo zingene kufakelo.

Kukho iintlobo ezintathu ezahlukeneyo zeZixhobo zoKhuselo lweSurge:

• Uhlobo 1 lwe-SPD lufakwe kwindawo yokuqala, umz. ibhodi yokusasaza ephambili.
• Uhlobo lwe-2 SPD lufakwe kwiibhodi zokusasazwa kwezahlulo
  • (Ii-SDP zohlobo 1 no-2 ezidibeneyo ziyafumaneka kwaye zihlala zifakwa kwiiyunithi zabathengi).
• Uhlobo lwe-3 SPD lufakwe kufutshane nomthwalo okhuselweyo. Kufuneka lufakwe kuphela njengesongezelelo kwi-Type 2 SPD.

Apho kufuneka izixhobo ezininzi ukukhusela ukufakelwa, kufuneka zilungelelaniswe ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza ngokuchanekileyo. Izinto ezibonelelwa ngabavelisi abahlukeneyo kufuneka ziqinisekiswe ukuba ziyahambelana, umfakeli kunye nabavelisi bezixhobo ngabona bafanelekileyo ukubonelela ngesikhokelo koku.

Zithini ii-overvoltages zexesha elifutshane?

Ii-overvoltage zesikhashana zichazwa njengokukhuphuka kombane okwethutyana okwenzeka ngenxa yokukhululwa ngequbuliso kwamandla agcinwe ngaphambili okanye abangelwe zezinye iindlela. Ii-overvoltage zesikhashana zinokwenzeka ngokwendalo okanye zenziwe ngumntu.

Kwenzeka njani ukuba i-overvoltages yesikhashana ivele?

Iitransient ezenziwe ngumntu zibangelwa kukutshintsha kweemoto kunye neetransient, kunye nezinye iintlobo zokukhanyisa. Ngokwembali oku bekungeyongxaki kwiindawo zokufakelwa kwasekhaya kodwa kutshanje, iindawo zokufakelwa ziyatshintsha ngokufika kwetekhnoloji entsha efana nokutshaja izithuthi ngombane, iipompo zomoya/umthombo wobushushu kunye noomatshini bokuhlamba abalawulwa ngesantya zenze ukuba iitransient zibe nokwenzeka kakhulu kwiindawo zokufakelwa kwasekhaya.

Umbane ogqithisileyo wendalo uyenzeka ngenxa yombane ongathanga ngqo onokwenzeka ngenxa yombane ogqithisileyo kumbane ongaphezulu okanye kumgca wefowuni okufutshane obangela ukuba umbane ogqithisileyo wesikhashana uhambe ngemigca, nto leyo enokubangela umonakalo omkhulu kufakelo lombane kunye nezixhobo ezinxulumene nawo.

Ngaba kufuneka ndifake ii-SPD?

Uhlelo lwangoku lwe-IET Wiring Regulations, BS 7671:2018, luthi ngaphandle kokuba kwenziwe uvavanyo lomngcipheko, kuya kubonelelwa ngokhuseleko kwi-transient overvoltage apho iziphumo ezibangelwa yi-overvoltage zinokuthi:

• Kubangela ukwenzakala okukhulu, okanye ukulahlekelwa bubomi bomntu; okanye
• Isiphumo sokuphazamiseka kweenkonzo zikarhulumente kunye/okanye umonakalo kwilifa lenkcubeko; okanye
• Isiphumo sokuphazamiseka kwemisebenzi yorhwebo okanye yemizi-mveliso; okanye
• Ichaphazela inani elikhulu labantu abakwindawo enye.

Lo mthetho usebenza kuzo zonke iintlobo zezakhiwo kuquka ezasekhaya, ezorhwebo nezemizi-mveliso.

Kwinguqulelo yangaphambili ye-IET Wiring Regulations, BS 7671:2008+A3:2015, bekukho umahluko wokuba ezinye izindlu zasekhaya zingabandakanywa kwiimfuno zokukhusela ukuvuza kwamanzi, umzekelo, ukuba zinikezelwa ngentambo engaphantsi komhlaba, kodwa oku kususiwe ngoku kwaye ngoku kuyimfuneko kuzo zonke iintlobo zezakhiwo kuquka iiyunithi zokuhlala ezizodwa. Oku kusebenza kuzo zonke izakhiwo ezintsha kunye neepropati eziphinda zifakelwe umbane.

Nangona iMithetho yoNxibelelwano lwe-IET ingajongi emva, apho umsebenzi wenziwa kwisekethe ekhoyo ngaphakathi kofakelo oluyilwe lwaza lwafakelwa kuhlelo lwangaphambili lweMithetho yoNxibelelwano lwe-IET, kuyimfuneko ukuqinisekisa ukuba isekethe eguquliweyo iyahambelana nohlelo lwamva nje, oku kuya kuba luncedo kuphela ukuba ii-SPD zifakelwe ukukhusela lonke ufakelo.

Isigqibo sokuba bathenge ii-SPD sisezandleni zomthengi, kodwa kufuneka banikwe ulwazi olwaneleyo ukuze benze isigqibo esinolwazi malunga nokuba bafuna ukuzishiya na ii-SPD. Isigqibo kufuneka senziwe ngokusekelwe kwizinto ezinobungozi bokhuseleko kunye novavanyo lweendleko zee-SPD, ezinokubiza kancinci njengeepawundi ezimbalwa, ngokuchasene neendleko zokufakelwa kombane kunye nezixhobo eziqhagamshelwe kuyo ezifana neekhompyutha, iiTV kunye nezixhobo ezifunekayo, umzekelo, ukufunyanwa komsi kunye nolawulo lwebhoyila.

Ukhuseleko lokushushu lunokufakelwa kwiyunithi yabathengi ekhoyo ukuba kukho indawo efanelekileyo ebonakalayo okanye, ukuba akukho ndawo yaneleyo, lunokufakelwa kwindawo engaphandle ecaleni kweyunithi yabathengi ekhoyo.

Kukwafanelekile ukuba ujonge inkampani yakho yeinshorensi kuba eminye imigaqo-nkqubo ingatsho ukuba izixhobo kufuneka zigqunywe yi-SPD okanye aziyi kuhlawula xa kukho ibango.